Welcome to Part 2 of the Profit and Loss Questions with Answers series. This practice set contains Questions 11–20, specially created for aspirants preparing for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and other competitive examinations.

In this part, you will practice a new set of moderate-level Profit and Loss questions covering important concepts such as marked price, discount, effective cost price, additional expenses, damaged goods, reverse calculations, bulk purchases, and mixed profit scenarios. Each question is designed to strengthen your problem-solving skills and improve your calculation speed.

Every question is accompanied by a step-by-step solution, a shortcut method, and a banking exam tip to help you understand the concept clearly and solve similar questions more efficiently in the examination. The questions are arranged in a logical sequence so that your confidence and accuracy improve with regular practice.

Complete this practice set carefully, understand every solution, and try to solve the questions using the shortcut methods before checking the detailed explanation. After finishing Questions 11–20, continue with the next part of the series to build a strong command over the entire Profit and Loss topic and improve your Quantitative Aptitude preparation for competitive exams.

Profit & Loss Questions (Premium Edition)

Part 2 (Questions 11–20)

Question 11

Question

A shopkeeper purchased 40 electric kettles at ₹1,250 each. He spent ₹2,000 on transportation. Later, he sold all the kettles at ₹1,400 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of kettles = 40
• Cost Price per kettle = ₹1,250
• Transportation Charges = ₹2,000
• Selling Price per kettle = ₹1,400

Formula

Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses

Profit = Total SP − Effective CP

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective CP) × 100

Solution

Purchase Cost

= 40 × ₹1,250

= ₹50,000

Effective Cost Price

= ₹50,000 + ₹2,000

= ₹52,000

Total Selling Price

= 40 × ₹1,400

= ₹56,000

Profit

= ₹56,000 − ₹52,000

= ₹4,000

Profit %

= (4,000 ÷ 52,000) × 100

= 7.69% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 7.69% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹4,000

CP = ₹52,000$$\frac{4000}{52000}=\frac{1}{13}$$520004000​=131​

Profit %

= 100 ÷ 13

= 7.69%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Whenever you get fractions like 1/13, remember:

1/13 ≈ 7.69%

This frequently appears in banking exams.

Question 12

Question

A trader bought an article for ₹8,400. He marked it 25% above the cost price and allowed a 10% discount on the marked price. Find the profit percentage.

Given

• Cost Price = ₹8,400
• Markup = 25%
• Discount = 10%

Formula

Marked Price

= CP × (100 + Markup%) /100

Selling Price

= MP × (100 − Discount%)/100

Profit %

= (Profit ÷ CP) ×100

Solution

Marked Price

= 8,400 × 125%

= ₹10,500

Selling Price

= 10,500 × 90%

= ₹9,450

Profit

= 9,450 − 8,400

= ₹1,050

Profit %

= (1,050 ÷ 8,400) ×100

= 12.5%

Final Answer

✅ 12.5% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Net Gain Factor

= 125% × 90%

= 112.5%

Hence,

Profit

= 12.5%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Instead of calculating MP and SP separately, multiply the percentage factors directly.

Question 13

Question

A wholesaler purchased 150 packets of dry fruits at ₹320 each. During storage, 10 packets were spoiled completely. The remaining packets were sold at ₹380 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Quantity Purchased = 150
• Cost Price per packet = ₹320
• Spoiled packets = 10
• Packets Sold = 140
• Selling Price per packet = ₹380

Formula

Total Cost Price = Quantity Purchased × CP

Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × SP

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total CP) ×100

Solution

Total Cost Price

= 150 × 320

= ₹48,000

Total Selling Price

= 140 × 380

= ₹53,200

Profit

= 53,200 − 48,000

= ₹5,200

Profit %

= (5,200 ÷ 48,000) ×100

= 10.83% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 10.83% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹5,200

CP = ₹48,000$$\frac{5200}{48000}=\frac{13}{120}$$480005200​=12013​

Profit %

≈ 10.83%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Don’t deduct the cost of spoiled goods from the Cost Price. The purchase cost remains the same.

Question 14

Question

A shopkeeper sold an article for ₹5,760 after giving a 20% discount on its marked price. If he earned a 20% profit, find the marked price.

Given

• Selling Price = ₹5,760
• Discount = 20%
• Profit = 20%

Formula

Marked Price

= SP ×100 /(100 − Discount%)

Solution

Since

80% of MP = ₹5,760

Therefore,

Marked Price

= 5,760 ×100 ÷80

= ₹7,200

Final Answer

✅ ₹7,200

⭐ Shortcut Method

80% = ₹5,760

10% = ₹720

100% = ₹7,200

(No lengthy calculation required.)

💡 Banking Exam Tip

If only Marked Price is asked and Selling Price + Discount are given, the profit information is not required. Always identify unnecessary information to save time.

See Also:

Part 1: Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (Questions 1–10)

Question 15

Question

A dealer purchased 80 LED bulbs at ₹250 each. He spent ₹1,600 on transportation. Later, he sold 50 bulbs at ₹320 each and the remaining 30 bulbs at ₹280 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of bulbs = 80
• Cost Price per bulb = ₹250
• Transportation Charges = ₹1,600
• Sold 50 bulbs at ₹320 each
• Sold 30 bulbs at ₹280 each

Formula

Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses

Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Purchase Cost

= 80 × ₹250

= ₹20,000

Effective Cost Price

= ₹20,000 + ₹1,600

= ₹21,600

Total Selling Price

= (50 × ₹320) + (30 × ₹280)

= ₹16,000 + ₹8,400

= ₹24,400

Profit

= ₹24,400 − ₹21,600

= ₹2,800

Profit %

= (2,800 ÷ 21,600) × 100

= 12.96% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 12.96% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹2,800

CP = ₹21,600$$\frac{2800}{21600}=\frac{7}{54}$$216002800​=547​

Profit %

≈ 12.96%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

For questions involving different selling prices, calculate the total selling price first, then compare it with the total effective cost price.

Question 16

Question

A retailer marked an article 40% above its cost price. During a festive sale, he offered a 15% discount on the marked price. Find the profit percentage.

Given

• Markup = 40%
• Discount = 15%

Formula

Net Selling Price Factor

= (100 + Markup%) × (100 − Discount%) / 100

Profit %

= Net Selling Price Factor − 100%

Solution

Marked Price

= 140% of CP

Selling Price

= 140% × 85%

= 119% of CP

Profit

= 119% − 100%

= 19%

Final Answer

✅ 19% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Remember:

140 × 85 = 11900

So,

Net SP = 119% of CP

Hence,

Profit = 19%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Whenever only percentages are given, assume Cost Price = ₹100. This makes calculations much faster.

Question 17

Question

A trader purchased a refrigerator for ₹24,000 and spent ₹1,200 on transportation and installation. He sold it at a 12.5% profit on the effective cost price. Find the selling price.

Given

• Purchase Price = ₹24,000
• Additional Expenses = ₹1,200
• Profit = 12.5%

Formula

Effective Cost Price = Purchase Price + Additional Expenses

Selling Price

= Effective CP × (100 + Profit%) / 100

Solution

Effective Cost Price

= ₹24,000 + ₹1,200

= ₹25,200

Selling Price

= ₹25,200 × 112.5%

= ₹25,200 × 9 / 8

= ₹28,350

Final Answer

✅ ₹28,350

⭐ Shortcut Method

12.5% = 1/8

So,

Selling Price

= ₹25,200 + (₹25,200 ÷ 8)

= ₹25,200 + ₹3,150

= ₹28,350

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Memorize these equivalent fractions:

• 12.5% = 1/8
• 25% = 1/4
• 50% = 1/2
• 6.25% = 1/16

These shortcuts save valuable time in competitive exams.

Question 18

Question

A shopkeeper purchased an article for ₹8,000. He marked it 30% above the cost price. During a festival sale, he offered a 10% discount on the marked price. Find the profit percentage.

Given

• Cost Price (CP) = ₹8,000
• Markup = 30%
• Discount = 10%

Formula

• Marked Price = CP × (100 + Markup%) / 100
• Selling Price = MP × (100 − Discount%) / 100
• Profit % = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate the Marked Price

= ₹8,000 × 130%

= ₹10,400

Step 2: Calculate the Selling Price

= ₹10,400 × 90%

= ₹9,360

Step 3: Calculate the Profit

= ₹9,360 − ₹8,000

= ₹1,360

Step 4: Calculate the Profit Percentage$$\frac{1360}{8000}\times100=17\%$$80001360​×100=17%

Final Answer

✅ 17% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Net Selling Price Factor

= 130% × 90%

= 117% of CP

Therefore,

Profit = 117% − 100% = 17%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Whenever both markup and discount are given, multiply the percentage factors directly instead of finding the marked price first.

Question 19

Question

A trader sold an article for ₹9,200 at a 15% profit. Find the cost price of the article.

Given

• Selling Price = ₹9,200
• Profit = 15%

Formula

$$CP=\frac{SP\times100}{100+\text{Profit\%}}$$CP=100+Profit%SP×100​

Solution

$$CP=\frac{9200\times100}{115}$$CP=1159200×100​ $$=\frac{920000}{115}$$=115920000​

= ₹8,000

Final Answer

✅ ₹8,000

⭐ Shortcut Method

115% = ₹9,200

Therefore,

100%

= ₹9,200 × 100 ÷ 115

= ₹8,000

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Memorize these reverse conversion factors:

• 110% → ×10/11
• 115% → ×20/23
• 125% → ×4/5

These help solve reverse profit questions much faster.

Question 20

Question

A dealer purchased 120 dinner sets at ₹750 each. He spent ₹6,000 on transportation and packaging. During handling, 10 dinner sets were damaged and could not be sold. The remaining dinner sets were sold at ₹950 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of dinner sets purchased = 120
• Cost Price per set = ₹750
• Transportation & Packaging Charges = ₹6,000
• Damaged sets = 10
• Sets sold = 110
• Selling Price per set = ₹950

Formula

• Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
• Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × Selling Price
• Profit = Total SP − Effective CP
• Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective CP) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost

= 120 × ₹750

= ₹90,000

Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price

= ₹90,000 + ₹6,000

= ₹96,000

Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price

= 110 × ₹950

= ₹1,04,500

Step 4: Calculate Profit

= ₹1,04,500 − ₹96,000

= ₹8,500

Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{8500}{96000}\times100 =\frac{85}{960}\times100 \approx8.85\%$$960008500​×100=96085​×100≈8.85%

Final Answer

✅ 8.85% Profit (Approx.)

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹8,500

Effective CP = ₹96,000$$\frac{8500}{96000}\times100\approx8.85\%$$960008500​×100≈8.85%

Since the numbers are not easily reducible, convert the fraction directly to a percentage.

💡 Banking Exam Tip

In questions involving damaged goods, transportation charges, and bulk sales, always calculate the effective cost price first, then compare it with the total selling price. This avoids the most common calculation mistakes.