Welcome to Part 3 of the Profit and Loss Questions with Answers series. This practice set contains Questions 21–30, specially designed for aspirants preparing for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and other competitive examinations.

In this part, you will practice a fresh collection of moderate-level Profit and Loss questions covering important concepts such as effective cost price, marked price, discount, successive discounts, additional expenses, damaged goods, bulk purchases, reverse calculations, and mixed selling price scenarios. These questions are designed to improve your conceptual understanding as well as your calculation speed.

Every question includes a step-by-step solution, a shortcut method, and a banking exam tip to help you solve similar questions quickly and accurately in the examination. The questions are arranged in a logical progression so that you can gradually build confidence while mastering different Profit and Loss concepts.

Practice each question carefully before checking the solution, apply the shortcut methods wherever possible, and continue with the upcoming parts of this series to strengthen your Quantitative Aptitude preparation for banking, insurance, railway, and other competitive exams.

Profit & Loss Questions (Premium Edition)

Question 21

Question

A shopkeeper purchased 60 induction cooktops at ₹1,800 each. He spent ₹3,600 on transportation. He sold all the cooktops at ₹2,000 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of cooktops = 60
• Cost Price per cooktop = ₹1,800
• Transportation Charges = ₹3,600
• Selling Price per cooktop = ₹2,000

Formula

Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses

Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost

= 60 × ₹1,800

= ₹1,08,000

Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price

= ₹1,08,000 + ₹3,600

= ₹1,11,600

Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price

= 60 × ₹2,000

= ₹1,20,000

Step 4: Calculate Profit

= ₹1,20,000 − ₹1,11,600

= ₹8,400

Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{8400}{111600}\times100 = 7.53\% \text{ (Approx.)}$$1116008400​×100=7.53% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 7.53% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹8,400

Effective CP = ₹1,11,600$$\frac{8400}{111600} = \frac{7}{93}$$1116008400​=937​

Profit %

≈ 7.53%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Always calculate the effective cost price first whenever transportation, repair, labour, or packaging charges are given.

Question 22

Question

A retailer marked an article 50% above its cost price. He allowed a 20% discount on the marked price. Find the profit percentage.

Given

• Markup = 50%
• Discount = 20%

Formula

Selling Price Factor

= (100 + Markup%) × (100 − Discount%) / 100

Profit %

= Selling Price Factor − 100%

Solution

Marked Price

= 150% of CP

Selling Price

= 150% × 80%

= 120% of CP

Profit

= 120% − 100%

= 20%

Final Answer

✅ 20% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

$$150\times80=12000$$150×80=12000

Therefore,

Net Selling Price = 120% of CP

Profit = 20%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

When only markup and discount percentages are given, assume CP = ₹100 to solve the question mentally.

Question 23

Question

A trader purchased 100 bags of rice at ₹950 each. During storage, 8 bags were damaged completely. The remaining bags were sold at ₹1,080 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Quantity Purchased = 100 bags
• Cost Price per bag = ₹950
• Damaged Bags = 8
• Bags Sold = 92
• Selling Price per bag = ₹1,080

Formula

Total Cost Price = Quantity Purchased × Cost Price

Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × Selling Price

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Total Cost Price

= 100 × ₹950

= ₹95,000

Step 2: Calculate Total Selling Price

= 92 × ₹1,080

= ₹99,360

Step 3: Calculate Profit

= ₹99,360 − ₹95,000

= ₹4,360

Step 4: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{4360}{95000}\times100 = 4.59\% \text{ (Approx.)}$$950004360​×100=4.59% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 4.59% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹4,360

CP = ₹95,000$$\frac{4360}{95000}\times100 = 4.59\%$$950004360​×100=4.59%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

In damaged goods questions, never exclude the cost of damaged goods from the total cost price. Only the selling quantity changes.

Question 24

Question

A shopkeeper sold an article for ₹11,040 after giving a 20% discount on the marked price. If the marked price was fixed at 60% above the cost price, find the profit percentage.

Given

• Selling Price = ₹11,040
• Markup = 60%
• Discount = 20%

Formula

Selling Price = Marked Price × (100 − Discount%) / 100

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Selling Price Factor

= 160% × 80%

= 128% of Cost Price

Therefore,

128% of CP = ₹11,040

Cost Price$$= \frac{11040\times100}{128} = ₹8,625$$=12811040×100​=₹8,625

Profit

= ₹11,040 − ₹8,625

= ₹2,415

Profit %$$= \frac{2415}{8625}\times100 = 28\%$$=86252415​×100=28%

Final Answer

✅ 28% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Markup × Discount Factor$$160\%\times80\%=128\%$$160%×80%=128%

Hence,

Selling Price = 128% of Cost Price

Profit = 128% − 100% = 28%

(No need to calculate the Cost Price if only the percentage is asked.)

💡 Banking Exam Tip

When the question asks only the profit percentage, compare the net selling price factor directly with 100%. This avoids unnecessary calculations and saves time.

Question 25

Question

A trader purchased 90 office chairs at ₹1,200 each. He spent ₹3,600 on transportation. Out of the total chairs, 60 chairs were sold at ₹1,450 each and the remaining 30 chairs were sold at ₹1,300 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of chairs = 90
• Cost Price per chair = ₹1,200
• Transportation Charges = ₹3,600
• Selling Price of 60 chairs = ₹1,450 each
• Selling Price of 30 chairs = ₹1,300 each

Formula

Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses

Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost

= 90 × ₹1,200

= ₹1,08,000

Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price

= ₹1,08,000 + ₹3,600

= ₹1,11,600

Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price

= (60 × ₹1,450) + (30 × ₹1,300)

= ₹87,000 + ₹39,000

= ₹1,26,000

Step 4: Calculate Profit

= ₹1,26,000 − ₹1,11,600

= ₹14,400

Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{14400}{111600}\times100 = 12.90\% \text{ (Approx.)}$$11160014400​×100=12.90% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 12.90% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹14,400

Effective CP = ₹1,11,600$$\frac{14400}{111600} = \frac{12}{93}$$11160014400​=9312​

Profit %

≈ 12.90%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

In questions where goods are sold at different prices, calculate the combined selling price first instead of finding profit separately for each group.

See Also:

Part 1: Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (Questions 1–10)

Part 2: Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (Questions 11–20)

Question 26

Question

A retailer marked an article 60% above the cost price. During a festive offer, he gave two successive discounts of 10% and 20%. Find the profit percentage.

Given

• Markup = 60%
• Successive Discounts = 10% and 20%

Formula

Net Selling Price Factor

= (100 + Markup%) × (100 − First Discount%) × (100 − Second Discount%) / 100²

Profit %

= Net SP Factor − 100%

Solution

Marked Price

= 160% of Cost Price

After first discount

= 160% × 90%

= 144% of Cost Price

After second discount

= 144% × 80%

= 115.2% of Cost Price

Profit

= 115.2% − 100%

= 15.2%

Final Answer

✅ 15.2% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

$$160\times90\times80 = 11520$$160×90×80=11520

Therefore,

Net Selling Price

= 115.2% of Cost Price

Profit

= 15.2%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Never add successive discounts directly. Apply them one after another using multiplication.

Question 27

Question

A shopkeeper purchased 200 glass bottles at ₹85 each. During transportation, 15 bottles broke. The remaining bottles were sold at ₹100 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Total bottles purchased = 200
• Cost Price per bottle = ₹85
• Broken bottles = 15
• Bottles sold = 185
• Selling Price per bottle = ₹100

Formula

Total Cost Price = Quantity Purchased × Cost Price

Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × Selling Price

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Total Cost Price

= 200 × ₹85

= ₹17,000

Step 2: Calculate Total Selling Price

= 185 × ₹100

= ₹18,500

Step 3: Calculate Profit

= ₹18,500 − ₹17,000

= ₹1,500

Step 4: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{1500}{17000}\times100 = 8.82\% \text{ (Approx.)}$$170001500​×100=8.82% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 8.82% Profit (Approx.)

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹1,500

CP = ₹17,000$$\frac{1500}{17000} = \frac{15}{170}$$170001500​=17015​

Profit %

≈ 8.82%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

If some goods are damaged completely, their cost still forms part of the total cost price. Only the number of items sold changes.

Question 28

Question

A shopkeeper purchased 75 study tables at ₹2,400 each. He spent ₹7,500 on transportation and polishing. He sold 50 tables at ₹2,900 each and the remaining 25 tables at ₹2,600 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of tables = 75
• Cost Price per table = ₹2,400
• Transportation & Polishing Charges = ₹7,500
• Selling Price of 50 tables = ₹2,900 each
• Selling Price of remaining 25 tables = ₹2,600 each

Formula

Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses

Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost

= 75 × ₹2,400

= ₹1,80,000

Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price

= ₹1,80,000 + ₹7,500

= ₹1,87,500

Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price

= (50 × ₹2,900) + (25 × ₹2,600)

= ₹1,45,000 + ₹65,000

= ₹2,10,000

Step 4: Calculate Profit

= ₹2,10,000 − ₹1,87,500

= ₹22,500

Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{22500}{187500}\times100 = 12\%$$18750022500​×100=12%

Final Answer

✅ 12% Profit

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹22,500

Effective CP = ₹1,87,500

Since,

₹22,500 = 12% of ₹1,87,500

Profit = 12%

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Always check whether the numbers simplify before converting them into percentages. This saves valuable time.

Question 29

Question

A trader sold an article for ₹13,800 after giving a 20% discount on the marked price. If the article was marked 50% above the cost price, find the cost price.

Given

• Selling Price = ₹13,800
• Markup = 50%
• Discount = 20%

Formula

Selling Price = Cost Price × (100 + Markup%) × (100 − Discount%) / 100²

Solution

Net Selling Price Factor

= 150% × 80%

= 120% of Cost Price

Therefore,

120% of Cost Price = ₹13,800

Cost Price$$=\frac{13800\times100}{120}$$=12013800×100​

= ₹11,500

Final Answer

✅ ₹11,500

⭐ Shortcut Method

150% × 80%

= 120%

Therefore,

120% = ₹13,800

100%

= ₹13,800 ÷ 1.2

= ₹11,500

💡 Banking Exam Tip

Whenever the question asks for Cost Price, first convert the selling price into a percentage of the cost price. This avoids lengthy calculations.

Question 30

Question

A dealer purchased 160 pressure cookers at ₹900 each. He spent ₹8,000 on transportation and packaging. During handling, 12 cookers were damaged and could not be sold. The remaining cookers were sold at ₹1,050 each. Find the overall profit percentage.

Given

• Number of cookers purchased = 160
• Cost Price per cooker = ₹900
• Transportation & Packaging Charges = ₹8,000
• Damaged cookers = 12
• Cookers sold = 148
• Selling Price per cooker = ₹1,050

Formula

• Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
• Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × Selling Price
• Profit = Total SP − Effective CP
• Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective CP) × 100

Solution

Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost

= 160 × ₹900

= ₹1,44,000

Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price

= ₹1,44,000 + ₹8,000

= ₹1,52,000

Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price

= 148 × ₹1,050

= ₹1,55,400

Step 4: Calculate Profit

= ₹1,55,400 − ₹1,52,000

= ₹3,400

Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage$$\frac{3400}{152000}\times100 = 2.24\% \text{ (Approx.)}$$1520003400​×100=2.24% (Approx.)

Final Answer

✅ 2.24% Profit (Approx.)

⭐ Shortcut Method

Profit = ₹3,400

Effective CP = ₹1,52,000$$\frac{3400}{152000}\times100 \approx2.24\%$$1520003400​×100≈2.24%

Since the fraction does not simplify to a common percentage, divide directly for the final answer.

💡 Banking Exam Tip

In questions involving bulk purchases, additional expenses, and damaged goods, solve in this order:

1. Calculate the effective cost price.
2. Calculate the total selling price.
3. Find the net profit or loss.
4. Compute the percentage.

This systematic approach reduces calculation errors.

⚡Profit and Loss Shortcut Trick

Assume Cost Price as ₹100

When only percentages are involved, assume the Cost Price (CP) = ₹100. This makes calculations simple and helps you solve questions mentally.

Example:

• Markup = 40%
• Discount = 20%

Marked Price = ₹140

Selling Price = ₹140 × 80% = ₹112

Profit = ₹12 = 12%

✅ FAQ Section

Q1. Are these Profit and Loss questions useful for IBPS PO?

Yes. These questions are specially designed for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and other competitive examinations.

Q2. Are detailed solutions included?

Yes. Every question includes a step-by-step solution, shortcut method, and banking exam tip.

Q3. What is the difficulty level?

The questions are of moderate difficulty, suitable for banking, SSC, insurance, and railway exams.

Q4. Can beginners practice these questions?

Yes. Beginners can start from Part 1 and gradually move to higher parts.

Looking for more practice? Continue with the next set of Profit and Loss questions to improve your speed, accuracy, and exam performance.