Welcome to Part 4 of the Profit and Loss Questions with Answers series. This practice set contains Questions 31–40, specially designed for aspirants preparing for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and other competitive examinations.
In this part, you will practice a fresh set of moderate-level Profit and Loss questions based on important exam-oriented concepts such as effective cost price, marked price, successive discounts, defective and damaged goods, transportation expenses, mixed selling prices, and reverse calculations. These questions closely follow the pattern commonly seen in banking and other competitive exams.
Each question is accompanied by a step-by-step solution, a shortcut method, and a banking exam tip to help you understand the concept clearly and solve similar questions more quickly in the examination. The solutions are presented in a clean, exam-style format to improve both your conceptual understanding and calculation speed.
Before checking the solutions, try solving each question on your own. Once you complete Questions 31–40, continue with the next practice set to build a strong foundation in Profit and Loss and enhance your Quantitative Aptitude preparation for banking, insurance, SSC, railway, and other competitive examinations.
Table of Contents
Profit & Loss Questions (Premium Edition)
📌 Question 31
📝 Question
A dealer purchased 50 microwave ovens at ₹4,800 each. He spent ₹10,000 on transportation and insurance. He sold all the microwave ovens at ₹5,400 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
Given
- Number of microwave ovens = 50
- Cost Price per oven = ₹4,800
- Transportation & Insurance = ₹10,000
- Selling Price per oven = ₹5,400
Formula
Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100
Solution
Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost
= 50 × ₹4,800
= ₹2,40,000
Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price
= ₹2,40,000 + ₹10,000
= ₹2,50,000
Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price
= 50 × ₹5,400
= ₹2,70,000
Step 4: Calculate Profit
= ₹2,70,000 − ₹2,50,000
= ₹20,000
Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage
= ₹20,000 ÷ ₹2,50,000 × 100
= 8%
Final Answer
✅ 8% Profit
⭐ Shortcut Method
Extra cost = ₹10,000
Effective CP = ₹2,50,000
Profit = ₹20,000
Since ₹20,000 is 8% of ₹2,50,000,
Profit = 8%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
Always include transportation, insurance, labour, or repair charges in the cost price before calculating profit or loss.
📌 Question 32
📝 Question
A shopkeeper marked an article 25% above its cost price and offered two successive discounts of 10% and 10%. Find the profit or loss percentage.
Given
- Markup = 25%
- Successive Discounts = 10% and 10%
Formula
Net Selling Price Factor = Marked Price Factor × First Discount Factor × Second Discount Factor
Solution
Marked Price:
= 125% of Cost Price
After first discount:
= 125% × 90%
= 112.5%
After second discount:
= 112.5% × 90%
= 101.25%
Therefore,
Profit
= 101.25% − 100%
= 1.25%
Final Answer
✅ 1.25% Profit
⭐ Shortcut Method
125 × 90 × 90 ÷ 10,000
= 101.25%
Net Selling Price = 101.25% of CP
Hence,
Profit = 1.25%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
Successive discounts should always be applied one after another, never added directly.
📌 Question 33
📝 Question
A wholesaler purchased 180 cartons of juice at ₹420 each. During transportation, 12 cartons were damaged completely. The remaining cartons were sold at ₹480 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
Given
- Quantity Purchased = 180 cartons
- Cost Price per carton = ₹420
- Damaged cartons = 12
- Cartons sold = 168
- Selling Price per carton = ₹480
Formula
Total Cost Price = Quantity Purchased × Cost Price
Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × Selling Price
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total Cost Price) × 100
Solution
Step 1: Calculate Total Cost Price
= 180 × ₹420
= ₹75,600
Step 2: Calculate Total Selling Price
= 168 × ₹480
= ₹80,640
Step 3: Calculate Profit
= ₹80,640 − ₹75,600
= ₹5,040
Step 4: Calculate Profit Percentage
= ₹5,040 ÷ ₹75,600 × 100
= 6.67% approximately
Final Answer
✅ 6.67% Profit (Approx.)
⭐ Shortcut Method
Profit = ₹5,040
CP = ₹75,600
Profit %
= ₹5,040 ÷ ₹75,600 × 100
= 6.67%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
Look for fractions that simplify easily. Here,
₹5,040 ÷ ₹75,600 = 1/15
which immediately gives approximately 6.67%.
📌 Question 34
📝 Question
A trader sold an article for ₹18,400 after allowing a 20% discount on the marked price. If the marked price was 25% above the cost price, find the profit percentage.
Given
- Selling Price = ₹18,400
- Markup = 25%
- Discount = 20%
Formula
Selling Price = Cost Price × Marked Price Factor × Discount Factor
Profit % = Selling Price Factor − 100%
Solution
Net Selling Price Factor:
= 125% × 80%
= 100%
Thus,
Selling Price = Cost Price
Therefore,
Profit = 0%
Final Answer
✅ No Profit, No Loss
⭐ Shortcut Method
125% × 80%
= 100%
Therefore,
Selling Price = Cost Price
No further calculation is required.
💡 Banking Exam Tip
Whenever the net selling price factor becomes 100%, you can immediately mark No Profit, No Loss without calculating actual rupee values.
📌 Question 35
📝 Question
A trader purchased 120 mixer grinders at ₹1,500 each. He spent ₹6,000 on transportation and ₹3,000 on packaging. He sold 80 mixer grinders at ₹1,800 each and the remaining 40 at ₹1,650 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
Given
- Number of mixer grinders = 120
- Cost Price per mixer grinder = ₹1,500
- Transportation Charges = ₹6,000
- Packaging Charges = ₹3,000
- Selling Price of 80 grinders = ₹1,800 each
- Selling Price of 40 grinders = ₹1,650 each
Formula
Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100
Solution
Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost
= 120 × ₹1,500
= ₹1,80,000
Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price
= ₹1,80,000 + ₹6,000 + ₹3,000
= ₹1,89,000
Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price
= (80 × ₹1,800) + (40 × ₹1,650)
= ₹1,44,000 + ₹66,000
= ₹2,10,000
Step 4: Calculate Profit
= ₹2,10,000 − ₹1,89,000
= ₹21,000
Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage
= ₹21,000 ÷ ₹1,89,000 × 100
= 11.11% approximately
Final Answer
✅ 11.11% Profit (Approx.)
⭐ Shortcut Method
Profit = ₹21,000
Effective CP = ₹1,89,000
Profit %
= ₹21,000 ÷ ₹1,89,000 × 100
= 11.11%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
When multiple additional expenses are given, add them together first, then calculate the effective cost price.
Recommended Reading
100 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers
Part 3: Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (Questions 21–30)
Part 5: Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (Questions 41–50)
📌 Question 36
📝 Question
A retailer marked an article 80% above its cost price. During a clearance sale, he offered two successive discounts of 20% and 25%. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Markup = 80%
- First Discount = 20%
- Second Discount = 25%
Formula
Net Selling Price Factor = Marked Price Factor × First Discount Factor × Second Discount Factor
Profit % = Net Selling Price Factor − 100%
Solution
Marked Price:
= 180% of Cost Price
After first discount:
= 180% × 80%
= 144%
After second discount:
= 144% × 75%
= 108%
Profit:
= 108% − 100%
= 8%
Final Answer
✅ 8% Profit
⭐ Shortcut Method
180 × 80 × 75 ÷ 10,000
= 108%
Net Selling Price = 108% of Cost Price
Profit = 8%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
For markup and successive discount questions, multiply the percentage factors directly instead of calculating the marked and selling prices separately.
📌 Question 37
📝 Question
A dealer purchased 250 ceramic plates at ₹160 each. During transportation, 20 plates broke completely. He sold the remaining plates at ₹190 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
Given
- Total plates purchased = 250
- Cost Price per plate = ₹160
- Broken plates = 20
- Plates sold = 230
- Selling Price per plate = ₹190
Formula
Total Cost Price = Quantity Purchased × Cost Price
Total Selling Price = Quantity Sold × Selling Price
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total Cost Price) × 100
Solution
Step 1: Calculate Total Cost Price
= 250 × ₹160
= ₹40,000
Step 2: Calculate Total Selling Price
= 230 × ₹190
= ₹43,700
Step 3: Calculate Profit
= ₹43,700 − ₹40,000
= ₹3,700
Step 4: Calculate Profit Percentage
= ₹3,700 ÷ ₹40,000 × 100
= 9.25%
Final Answer
✅ 9.25% Profit
⭐ Shortcut Method
Profit = ₹3,700
CP = ₹40,000
Profit %
= ₹3,700 ÷ ₹40,000 × 100
= 9.25%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
In damaged goods questions, never reduce the purchase quantity while calculating the total cost price. The loss due to damaged goods is already reflected in the reduced selling quantity.
📌 Question 38
📝 Question
A retailer purchased 100 electric irons at ₹1,200 each. He spent ₹5,000 on transportation. During storage, 5 irons became defective and were sold at ₹800 each, while the remaining 95 irons were sold at ₹1,450 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
Given
- Number of electric irons = 100
- Cost Price per iron = ₹1,200
- Transportation Charges = ₹5,000
- Defective irons = 5
- SP of defective irons = ₹800 each
- SP of remaining 95 irons = ₹1,450 each
Formula
Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100
Solution
Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost
= 100 × ₹1,200
= ₹1,20,000
Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price
= ₹1,20,000 + ₹5,000
= ₹1,25,000
Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price
= (95 × ₹1,450) + (5 × ₹800)
= ₹1,37,750 + ₹4,000
= ₹1,41,750
Step 4: Calculate Profit
= ₹1,41,750 − ₹1,25,000
= ₹16,750
Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage
= ₹16,750 ÷ ₹1,25,000 × 100
= 13.4%
Final Answer
✅ 13.4% Profit
⭐ Shortcut Method
Total SP:
= ₹1,37,750 + ₹4,000
= ₹1,41,750
Profit:
= ₹1,41,750 − ₹1,25,000
= ₹16,750
Profit %
= ₹16,750 ÷ ₹1,25,000 × 100
= 13.4%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
If defective goods are sold at a lower price instead of being discarded, include their selling price in the total selling price before calculating profit or loss.
📌 Question 39
📝 Question
A shopkeeper sold an article for ₹14,950 after giving a 15% discount on its marked price. If the article was marked 40% above its cost price, find the profit percentage.
Given
- Selling Price = ₹14,950
- Markup = 40%
- Discount = 15%
Formula
Net Selling Price Factor = Marked Price Factor × Discount Factor
Profit % = Net Selling Price Factor − 100%
Solution
Net Selling Price Factor:
= 140% × 85%
= 119% of Cost Price
Profit:
= 119% − 100%
= 19%
Verification
Since the selling price is 119% of the cost price, the profit is:
= 119% − 100%
= 19%
Final Answer
✅ 19% Profit
⭐ Shortcut Method
140 × 85 ÷ 100
= 119
Therefore,
Selling Price = 119% of Cost Price
Profit = 19%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
When only the profit percentage is asked, avoid calculating the actual cost price unless required. Use percentage factors directly.
📌 Question 40
📝 Question
A wholesaler purchased 300 school bags at ₹450 each. He spent ₹9,000 on transportation and storage. Out of the total bags, 15 bags were damaged and sold at ₹250 each, while the remaining 285 bags were sold at ₹560 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
Given
- Number of bags purchased = 300
- Cost Price per bag = ₹450
- Transportation & Storage Charges = ₹9,000
- Damaged bags = 15
- SP of damaged bags = ₹250 each
- SP of remaining bags = ₹560 each
Formula
Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
Profit = Total Selling Price − Effective Cost Price
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Effective Cost Price) × 100
Solution
Step 1: Calculate Purchase Cost
= 300 × ₹450
= ₹1,35,000
Step 2: Calculate Effective Cost Price
= ₹1,35,000 + ₹9,000
= ₹1,44,000
Step 3: Calculate Total Selling Price
= (285 × ₹560) + (15 × ₹250)
= ₹1,59,600 + ₹3,750
= ₹1,63,350
Step 4: Calculate Profit
= ₹1,63,350 − ₹1,44,000
= ₹19,350
Step 5: Calculate Profit Percentage
= ₹19,350 ÷ ₹1,44,000 × 100
= 13.44% approximately
Final Answer
✅ 13.44% Profit (Approx.)
⭐ Shortcut Method
Profit = ₹19,350
Effective CP = ₹1,44,000
Profit %
= ₹19,350 ÷ ₹1,44,000 × 100
= 13.44%
💡 Banking Exam Tip
When calculating profit or loss with multiple expenses, always add all purchase-related expenses to the purchase cost before finding the effective cost price.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
1. Are these Profit and Loss questions suitable for banking exams?
Yes. These questions are designed for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, RRB, SSC CGL, and similar competitive examinations.
2. Does every question include a shortcut method?
Yes. Every question comes with a detailed solution, a shortcut method, and a banking exam tip.
3. What is the difficulty level of this practice set?
This set contains moderate-level questions, making it suitable for candidates who have already completed the basics of Profit and Loss.
4. Are these questions original?
Yes. Every question in this series is created from scratch and is designed to reflect the style of competitive examinations.
5. Where can I find the next practice set?
You can continue your preparation by solving Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (Questions 41–50) in the next part of this series.
What You’ll Learn in This Practice Set
By solving Questions 31–40, you will strengthen your understanding of:
- Effective Cost Price
- Marked Price and Discounts
- Successive Discounts
- Damaged and Defective Goods
- Mixed Selling Price Scenarios
- Reverse Profit and Loss Calculations
- Bulk Purchase Transactions
- Time-saving Shortcut Methods
This practice set is designed to improve both your calculation speed and conceptual accuracy for banking and other competitive examinations.
📖 Previous Articles
- Profit and Loss Questions (1–10)
- Profit and Loss Questions (11–20)
- Profit and Loss Questions (21–30)
🎯 Challenge Question for You
Think you have mastered today’s practice set? Here’s a challenge!
A shopkeeper purchased an article for ₹2,400. He marked it 25% above the cost price and then allowed a 12% discount on the marked price. Find the profit percentage.
A. 8%
B. 10%
C. 12%
D. 15%
💬 Can you solve it without using a calculator?
Write your answer in the comments section along with your solution.
Good luck!
