Preparing for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB NTPC, or any other competitive exam? This comprehensive practice set contains 100 original Profit and Loss questions designed at a moderate difficulty level to match the latest banking exam pattern.
Each question includes a step-by-step solution, shortcut method, and exam tip to help you improve both accuracy and calculation speed. The questions progress from basic to moderate level, making this collection suitable for beginners as well as serious aspirants.
Practice these questions regularly to strengthen your concepts, master important Profit and Loss formulas, and boost your confidence for the Quantitative Aptitude section of competitive exams.
Profit and Loss Formulas for Competitive Exams
📘 Important Profit and Loss Formulas
Before solving Profit and Loss questions, it’s important to understand the basic formulas. These formulas are frequently used in banking, SSC, railway, insurance, and other competitive examinations.
1. Profit
Profit = Selling Price (SP) − Cost Price (CP)
Use this formula when the selling price is greater than the cost price.
2. Loss
Loss = Cost Price (CP) − Selling Price (SP)
Use this formula when the selling price is less than the cost price.
3. Profit Percentage
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Cost Price) × 100
Remember: Profit percentage is always calculated on the Cost Price.
4. Loss Percentage
Loss % = (Loss ÷ Cost Price) × 100
Loss percentage is also calculated on the Cost Price.
5. Selling Price
If Profit is given:
Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit
If Loss is given:
Selling Price = Cost Price − Loss
6. Selling Price Using Percentage
If Profit % is given:
SP = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100
If Loss % is given:
SP = CP × (100 − Loss%) ÷ 100
7. Cost Price
If Profit % is given:
CP = (SP × 100) ÷ (100 + Profit%)
If Loss % is given:
CP = (SP × 100) ÷ (100 − Loss%)
8. Marked Price
Marked Price (MP) = Selling Price × 100 ÷ (100 − Discount%)
This formula is useful when the Selling Price and Discount are known.
9. Discount
Discount = Marked Price − Selling Price
10. Discount Percentage
Discount % = (Discount ÷ Marked Price) × 100
11. Selling Price After Discount
SP = MP × (100 − Discount%) ÷ 100
12. Marked Price After Markup
MP = CP × (100 + Markup%) ÷ 100
13. Successive Discount
Net Discount = A + B − (A × B ÷ 100)
Example:
20% and 10%
Net Discount = 20 + 10 − 2 = 28%
14. Effective Cost Price
Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Transportation + Labour + Packaging + Insurance + Repair + Other Expenses
Always include additional expenses while calculating profit or loss.
15. No Profit, No Loss
When:
Cost Price = Selling Price
then
Profit = 0 and Loss = 0
16. Profit on Selling Price
If Profit Percentage is calculated on the Selling Price:
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Selling Price) × 100
Read the question carefully to identify whether the percentage is based on the Cost Price or the Selling Price.
17. Loss on Selling Price
If Loss Percentage is calculated on the Selling Price:
Loss % = (Loss ÷ Selling Price) × 100
This type of question is less common but occasionally appears in competitive exams
18. Relationship Between Profit and Loss
- If Selling Price > Cost Price, there is Profit.
- If Selling Price < Cost Price, there is Loss.
- If Selling Price = Cost Price, there is No Profit, No Loss.
💡 Quick Revision Tips
- Profit and Loss percentages are generally calculated on the Cost Price, unless the question states otherwise.
- Never ignore transportation, packaging, labour, repair, or insurance charges. These increase the Effective Cost Price.
- Do not add successive discounts directly. Always use the successive discount formula.
- In percentage-based questions, assuming Cost Price = ₹100 often makes calculations much faster.
- Practice these formulas regularly to improve both speed and accuracy in competitive examinations.
Table of Contents
Question 1
Question:
A shopkeeper buys a bicycle for ₹4,800 and sells it for ₹5,280. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Cost Price (CP) = ₹4,800
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹5,280
Solution
Profit = SP − CP
= 5,280 − 4,800
= ₹480
Profit % = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100
= (480 ÷ 4,800) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
First find the increase in price:
₹5,280 − ₹4,800 = ₹480
Notice that ₹480 is one-tenth of ₹4,800.
So,
Profit % = 10%
Exam Tip: Whenever the difference is an easy fraction of the cost price, calculate mentally instead of using the formula.
Question 2
Question:
A trader purchases a watch for ₹2,400 and sells it at a loss of 15%. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹2,400
- Loss = 15%
Solution
SP = CP × (100 − Loss%) ÷ 100
= 2,400 × 85 ÷ 100
= ₹2,040
Answer: ₹2,040
Shortcut Method ⭐
After a 15% loss, you keep 85% of the cost price.
So,
85% of ₹2,400
= 24 × 85
= ₹2,040
Exam Tip: Don’t calculate the loss amount first unless needed. Directly multiply by the remaining percentage.
Question 3
Question:
A laptop is sold for ₹36,000 at a 20% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹36,000
- Profit = 20%
Solution
CP = 36,000 × 100 ÷ 120
= ₹30,000
Answer: ₹30,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
At 20% profit,
SP = 120% of CP
So,
CP = 36,000 ÷ 12 × 10
= 3,000 × 10
= ₹30,000
Exam Tip: Divide by the percentage factor first (120 → 12), then multiply by 10. It’s much faster.
Question 4
Question:
A shopkeeper sells an item for ₹2,850 after giving a 5% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹2,850
- Loss = 5%
Solution
CP = 2,850 × 100 ÷ 95
= ₹3,000
Answer: ₹3,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
A 5% loss means
SP = 95% of CP
So,
CP = 2,850 ÷ 95 × 100
= 30 × 100
= ₹3,000
Exam Tip: When the percentage divides evenly, simplify first before multiplying.
Question 5
Question:
A merchant earns a 25% profit by selling a chair for ₹2,500. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹2,500
- Profit = 25%
Solution
CP = 2,500 × 100 ÷ 125
= ₹2,000
Answer: ₹2,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
25% profit means
SP = 125% of CP
125 = 5 × 25
2,500 ÷ 125 = 20
20 × 100 = ₹2,000
Exam Tip: Remember these common conversions:
- 10% → 110%
- 20% → 120%
- 25% → 125%
- 50% → 150%
These save a lot of time.
Question 6
Question:
A fan costing ₹1,600 is sold at a 12.5% loss. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹1,600
- Loss = 12.5%
Solution
SP = 1,600 × 87.5 ÷ 100
= ₹1,400
Answer: ₹1,400
Shortcut Method ⭐
12.5% = 1/8
Loss = 1/8 of ₹1,600
= ₹200
Selling Price
= 1,600 − 200
= ₹1,400
Exam Tip: Recognize that 12.5% = 1/8. This lets you avoid decimal calculations.
Question 7
Question:
A bag is sold for ₹1,440 with a 20% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹1,440
- Profit = 20%
Solution
CP = 1,440 × 100 ÷ 120
= ₹1,200
Answer: ₹1,200
Shortcut Method ⭐
20% profit means
SP = 120%
So,
CP = 1,440 ÷ 12 × 10
= 120 × 10
= ₹1,200
Question 8
Question:
A television is sold for ₹21,600 at a 10% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹21,600
- Loss = 10%
Solution
CP = 21,600 × 100 ÷ 90
= ₹24,000
Answer: ₹24,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
10% loss means
SP = 90%
So,
CP = 21,600 ÷ 9 × 10
= 2,400 × 10
= ₹24,000
Question 9
Question:
A bookseller buys 200 books at ₹80 each and sells each for ₹96. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of books = 200
- CP per book = ₹80
- SP per book = ₹96
Solution
Profit per book
= 96 − 80
= ₹16
Total Profit
= 16 × 200
= ₹3,200
Answer: ₹3,200
Shortcut Method ⭐
Instead of calculating total CP and total SP separately:
Profit per book × Number of books
= 16 × 200
= ₹3,200
Exam Tip: This is much faster whenever all items have the same cost and selling price.
Question 10
Question:
A trader buys a table for ₹3,750 and sells it for ₹4,200. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹3,750
- SP = ₹4,200
Solution
Profit
= 4,200 − 3,750
= ₹450
Profit %
= (450 ÷ 3,750) × 100
= 12%
Answer: 12% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹450
Notice that:
3,750 ÷ 100 = 37.5
450 ÷ 37.5 = 12
Therefore,
Profit = 12%
Exam Tip: Divide the profit by 1% of the cost price to get the percentage quickly.
Question 11
Question:
By selling an article for ₹960, a shopkeeper gains 20%. Find the cost price.
Given
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹960
- Profit = 20%
Solution
Cost Price (CP) = SP × 100 ÷ (100 + Profit%)
= 960 × 100 ÷ 120
= 96,000 ÷ 120
= ₹800
Answer: ₹800
Shortcut Method ⭐
20% profit means
SP = 120% of CP
CP = 960 ÷ 12 × 10
= 80 × 10
= ₹800
Exam Tip: Divide by 12 first, then multiply by 10.
Question 12
Question:
By selling a mixer for ₹2,700, a trader incurs a 10% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹2,700
- Loss = 10%
Solution
CP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 − Loss%)
= 2,700 × 100 ÷ 90
= 2,70,000 ÷ 90
= ₹3,000
Answer: ₹3,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
10% loss means
SP = 90% of CP
CP = 2,700 ÷ 9 × 10
= 300 × 10
= ₹3,000
Exam Tip: Whenever the remaining percentage is 90%, divide by 9 first.
Question 13
Question:
A person buys a mobile for ₹18,000 and sells it for ₹19,800. Find the gain percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹18,000
- SP = ₹19,800
Solution
Profit = 19,800 − 18,000
= ₹1,800
Profit % = (1,800 ÷ 18,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Gain
Shortcut Method ⭐
Increase = ₹1,800
Since ₹1,800 is 1/10 of ₹18,000, the gain is
10%
Question 14
Question:
A cycle costing ₹6,400 is sold for ₹5,760. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹6,400
- SP = ₹5,760
Solution
Loss = 6,400 − 5,760
= ₹640
Loss % = (640 ÷ 6,400) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
Loss = ₹640
₹640 is 1/10 of ₹6,400
Therefore,
Loss = 10%
Question 15
Question:
A dealer sells a sofa for ₹28,750, making a 15% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹28,750
- Profit = 15%
Solution
CP = 28,750 × 100 ÷ 115
= 28,75,000 ÷ 115
= ₹25,000
Answer: ₹25,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
15% profit means
SP = 115% of CP
CP = 28,750 ÷ 115 × 100
= 250 × 100
= ₹25,000
Exam Tip: Check if the selling price is divisible by the percentage factor before multiplying.
Question 16
Question:
A shirt is sold at ₹1,260 after a 10% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹1,260
- Loss = 10%
Solution
CP = 1,260 × 100 ÷ 90
= 1,26,000 ÷ 90
= ₹1,400
Answer: ₹1,400
Shortcut Method ⭐
10% loss means
SP = 90%
CP = 1,260 ÷ 9 × 10
= 140 × 10
= ₹1,400
Question 17
Question:
A merchant buys 50 calculators for ₹450 each and sells each for ₹510. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of calculators = 50
- CP per calculator = ₹450
- SP per calculator = ₹510
Solution
Profit per calculator
= 510 − 450
= ₹60
Total Profit
= 60 × 50
= ₹3,000
Answer: ₹3,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
No need to calculate total CP and total SP.
Profit per item × Number of items
= 60 × 50
= ₹3,000
Question 18
Question:
A trader sells an article at 25% profit. If the cost price is ₹3,200, find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹3,200
- Profit = 25%
Solution
SP = 3,200 × 125 ÷ 100
= 4,000
Answer: ₹4,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
25% = 1/4
Profit
= 3,200 ÷ 4
= ₹800
Selling Price
= 3,200 + 800
= ₹4,000
Question 19
Question:
A toy is sold at a 20% loss. If its selling price is ₹480, find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹480
- Loss = 20%
Solution
CP = 480 × 100 ÷ 80
= 48,000 ÷ 80
= ₹600
Answer: ₹600
Shortcut Method ⭐
20% loss means
SP = 80% of CP
CP = 480 ÷ 8 × 10
= 60 × 10
= ₹600
Question 20
Question:
A refrigerator bought for ₹24,000 is sold for ₹27,600. Find the gain percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹24,000
- SP = ₹27,600
Solution
Profit
= 27,600 − 24,000
= ₹3,600
Profit %
= (3,600 ÷ 24,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Gain
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹3,600
Since
24,000 × 15% = ₹3,600
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Exam Tip: Learn common percentage values such as 5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of round numbers. They appear frequently in competitive exams and can often be recognized mentally without writing the full formula.
Question 21
Question:
A trader marks an article at ₹2,000 and sells it for ₹1,800. If the cost price is ₹1,500, find the profit percentage.
Given
- Cost Price (CP) = ₹1,500
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹1,800
Note: The marked price is not needed to calculate profit because profit depends only on CP and SP.
Solution
Profit = SP − CP
= 1,800 − 1,500
= ₹300
Profit %
= (300 ÷ 1,500) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹300
Since ₹300 is 1/5 of ₹1,500,
Profit % = 20%
Exam Tip: Ignore unnecessary information. Here, the marked price does not affect the profit percentage.
Question 22
Question:
A dealer buys an item for ₹900 and spends ₹100 on repairs before selling it for ₹1,200. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹900
- Repair Cost = ₹100
- Selling Price = ₹1,200
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 900 + 100
= ₹1,000
Profit
= 1,200 − 1,000
= ₹200
Profit %
= (200 ÷ 1,000) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Always include additional expenses in the cost price.
Effective CP = ₹1,000
Profit = ₹200
₹200 is 20% of ₹1,000
Exam Tip: Transport, repair, installation, packing, and labour charges are all part of the cost price.
Question 23
Question:
A shopkeeper purchases 80 pens for ₹15 each and sells them for ₹18 each. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of pens = 80
- CP per pen = ₹15
- SP per pen = ₹18
Solution
Profit per pen
= 18 − 15
= ₹3
Total Profit
= 80 × 3
= ₹240
Answer: ₹240
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per item × Number of items
= 3 × 80
= ₹240
Exam Tip: For identical items, calculate profit per item first.
Question 24
Question:
An article is sold for ₹3,150 at a profit of 5%. Find its cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹3,150
- Profit = 5%
Solution
CP = SP × 100 ÷ 105
= 3,150 × 100 ÷ 105
= 315,000 ÷ 105
= ₹3,000
Answer: ₹3,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
5% profit means
SP = 105% of CP
CP = 3,150 ÷ 105 × 100
= 30 × 100
= ₹3,000
Question 25
Question:
A watch is sold for ₹5,040 after a loss of 16%. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹5,040
- Loss = 16%
Solution
CP = 5,040 × 100 ÷ 84
= 504,000 ÷ 84
= ₹6,000
Answer: ₹6,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
16% loss means
SP = 84% of CP
CP = 5,040 ÷ 84 × 100
= 60 × 100
= ₹6,000
Question 26
Question:
A trader earns ₹450 by selling an article for ₹3,450. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Selling Price = ₹3,450
- Profit = ₹450
Solution
Cost Price
= 3,450 − 450
= ₹3,000
Profit %
= (450 ÷ 3,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
First find the cost price.
CP = 3,450 − 450
= ₹3,000
Now,
450 is 15% of ₹3,000
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Question 27
Question:
A person buys a washing machine for ₹18,500 and sells it for ₹17,575. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹18,500
- SP = ₹17,575
Solution
Loss
= 18,500 − 17,575
= ₹925
Loss %
= (925 ÷ 18,500) × 100
= 5%
Answer: 5% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
Notice that
18,500 × 5% = ₹925
Therefore,
Loss = 5%
Question 28
Question:
A bicycle is sold for ₹7,560 after a gain of 8%. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹7,560
- Profit = 8%
Solution
CP = 7,560 × 100 ÷ 108
= 756,000 ÷ 108
= ₹7,000
Answer: ₹7,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
8% profit means
SP = 108%
CP = 7,560 ÷ 108 × 100
= 70 × 100
= ₹7,000
Question 29
Question:
A dealer buys a TV for ₹30,000 and spends ₹2,000 on transport. He sells it for ₹36,000. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹30,000
- Transport Charges = ₹2,000
- Selling Price = ₹36,000
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 30,000 + 2,000
= ₹32,000
Profit
= 36,000 − 32,000
= ₹4,000
Profit %
= (4,000 ÷ 32,000) × 100
= 12.5%
Answer: 12.5% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective Cost Price = ₹32,000
Profit = ₹4,000
Since
₹4,000 = 1/8 of ₹32,000
Profit %
= 12.5%
Exam Tip: Remember that 12.5% = 1/8, which is very common in competitive exams.
Question 30
Question:
A shopkeeper buys sugar at ₹48 per kg and sells it at ₹54 per kg. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹48/kg
- SP = ₹54/kg
Solution
Profit
= 54 − 48
= ₹6
Profit %
= (6 ÷ 48) × 100
= 12.5%
Answer: 12.5% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹6
Since
₹6 is 1/8 of ₹48
Profit %
= 12.5%
Exam Tip: Whenever the profit or loss is one-eighth of the cost price, the percentage is 12.5%. Recognizing such fractions helps solve questions mentally in just a few seconds.
Question 31
Question:
An article costing ₹1,250 is sold for ₹1,500. Find the gain percentage.
Given
- Cost Price (CP) = ₹1,250
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹1,500
Solution
Profit
= SP − CP
= 1,500 − 1,250
= ₹250
Profit %
= (250 ÷ 1,250) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹250
Since ₹250 is 1/5 of ₹1,250,
Profit % = 20%
Exam Tip: Recognize simple fractions:
- 1/2 = 50%
- 1/4 = 25%
- 1/5 = 20%
- 1/8 = 12.5%
- 1/10 = 10%
Question 32
Question:
A trader sells a product costing ₹2,800 at a loss of 5%. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹2,800
- Loss = 5%
Solution
SP
= CP × (100 − Loss%) ÷ 100
= 2,800 × 95 ÷ 100
= ₹2,660
Answer: ₹2,660
Shortcut Method ⭐
5% of ₹2,800
= ₹140
Selling Price
= 2,800 − 140
= ₹2,660
Exam Tip: For 5%, 10%, 20%, and 25%, calculate the amount mentally instead of using the full formula.
Question 33
Question:
A dealer buys 25 chairs at ₹1,800 each and sells each for ₹2,070. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of chairs = 25
- CP per chair = ₹1,800
- SP per chair = ₹2,070
Solution
Profit per chair
= 2,070 − 1,800
= ₹270
Total Profit
= 270 × 25
= ₹6,750
Answer: ₹6,750
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per chair = ₹270
Total Profit
= 25 × 270
= ₹6,750
Exam Tip: Calculate profit per item first. It saves time compared with finding total CP and total SP separately.
Question 34
Question:
A man purchases a bike for ₹72,000 and sells it for ₹68,400. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹72,000
- SP = ₹68,400
Solution
Loss
= 72,000 − 68,400
= ₹3,600
Loss %
= (3,600 ÷ 72,000) × 100
= 5%
Answer: 5% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
Notice that
72,000 × 5% = ₹3,600
Therefore,
Loss = 5%
Question 35
Question:
An article is sold at a 30% profit for ₹2,730. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹2,730
- Profit = 30%
Solution
CP
= 2,730 × 100 ÷ 130
= 273,000 ÷ 130
= ₹2,100
Answer: ₹2,100
Shortcut Method ⭐
30% profit means
SP = 130% of CP
CP
= 2,730 ÷ 13 × 10
= 210 × 10
= ₹2,100
Exam Tip: When the percentage factor ends in 0 (110, 120, 130…), divide first and multiply later.
Question 36
Question:
A fan is sold for ₹1,710 at a loss of 5%. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹1,710
- Loss = 5%
Solution
CP
= 1,710 × 100 ÷ 95
= 171,000 ÷ 95
= ₹1,800
Answer: ₹1,800
Shortcut Method ⭐
5% loss means
SP = 95% of CP
CP
= 1,710 ÷ 95 × 100
= 18 × 100
= ₹1,800
Question 37
Question:
A shopkeeper buys 120 notebooks for ₹35 each and sells each for ₹42. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of notebooks = 120
- CP per notebook = ₹35
- SP per notebook = ₹42
Solution
Profit per notebook
= 42 − 35
= ₹7
Total Profit
= 120 × 7
= ₹840
Answer: ₹840
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per notebook = ₹7
Total Profit
= 120 × 7
= ₹840
Exam Tip: For multiple identical items, calculate the profit on one item first.
Question 38
Question:
A dealer earns a 12% profit by selling an article for ₹4,480. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹4,480
- Profit = 12%
Solution
CP
= 4,480 × 100 ÷ 112
= 448,000 ÷ 112
= ₹4,000
Answer: ₹4,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
12% profit means
SP = 112% of CP
CP
= 4,480 ÷ 112 × 100
= 40 × 100
= ₹4,000
Question 39
Question:
An item costing ₹960 is sold for ₹900. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹960
- SP = ₹900
Solution
Loss
= 960 − 900
= ₹60
Loss %
= (60 ÷ 960) × 100
= 6.25%
Answer: 6.25% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
Loss = ₹60
Since
₹60 is 1/16 of ₹960
1/16 = 6.25%
Therefore,
Loss = 6.25%
Exam Tip: Remember these common fractional percentages:
- 1/2 = 50%
- 1/4 = 25%
- 1/8 = 12.5%
- 1/16 = 6.25%
Question 40
Question:
A merchant buys a cupboard for ₹15,000 and sells it for ₹18,000. Find the gain percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹15,000
- SP = ₹18,000
Solution
Profit
= 18,000 − 15,000
= ₹3,000
Profit %
= (3,000 ÷ 15,000) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹3,000
Since ₹3,000 is 1/5 of ₹15,000,
Profit % = 20%
Exam Tip: Before using the formula, check whether the profit or loss is a simple fraction of the cost price. This often lets you find the percentage mentally in competitive exams.
Question 41
Question:
A person sells a laptop for ₹44,000 at a profit of 10%. Find the cost price.
Given
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹44,000
- Profit = 10%
Solution
Cost Price (CP)
= SP × 100 ÷ (100 + Profit%)
= 44,000 × 100 ÷ 110
= 44,00,000 ÷ 110
= ₹40,000
Answer: ₹40,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
10% profit means
SP = 110% of CP
CP
= 44,000 ÷ 11 × 10
= 4,000 × 10
= ₹40,000
Exam Tip: For a 10% profit, simply divide the selling price by 11 and multiply by 10.
Question 42
Question:
A watch costing ₹4,500 is sold for ₹4,050. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹4,500
- SP = ₹4,050
Solution
Loss
= CP − SP
= 4,500 − 4,050
= ₹450
Loss %
= (450 ÷ 4,500) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
Loss = ₹450
Since ₹450 is 1/10 of ₹4,500,
Loss % = 10%
Question 43
Question:
A shopkeeper buys 500 oranges at ₹8 each and sells each at ₹10. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of oranges = 500
- CP per orange = ₹8
- SP per orange = ₹10
Solution
Profit per orange
= 10 − 8
= ₹2
Total Profit
= 500 × 2
= ₹1,000
Answer: ₹1,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per orange = ₹2
Total Profit
= 500 × 2
= ₹1,000
Exam Tip: For identical items, multiply the profit on one item by the total number of items.
Question 44
Question:
A bag costing ₹2,000 is sold for ₹2,300. Find the gain percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹2,000
- SP = ₹2,300
Solution
Profit
= 2,300 − 2,000
= ₹300
Profit %
= (300 ÷ 2,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit = ₹300
5% of ₹2,000 = ₹100
Therefore,
₹300 = 15% of ₹2,000
Answer: 15% Profit
Question 45
Question:
A trader buys a camera for ₹15,500 and sells it for ₹14,725. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹15,500
- SP = ₹14,725
Solution
Loss
= 15,500 − 14,725
= ₹775
Loss %
= (775 ÷ 15,500) × 100
= 5%
Answer: 5% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
Notice that
5% of ₹15,500
= ₹775
Therefore,
Loss = 5%
Question 46
Question:
An article is sold at 18% profit for ₹5,900. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹5,900
- Profit = 18%
Solution
CP
= 5,900 × 100 ÷ 118
= 590,000 ÷ 118
= ₹5,000
Answer: ₹5,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
18% profit means
SP = 118% of CP
CP
= 5,900 ÷ 118 × 100
= 50 × 100
= ₹5,000
Exam Tip: If the selling price is divisible by the percentage factor, divide first to simplify the calculation.
Question 47
Question:
A dealer purchases a table for ₹3,200 and spends ₹300 on polishing before selling it for ₹4,000. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹3,200
- Polishing Charges = ₹300
- SP = ₹4,000
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 3,200 + 300
= ₹3,500
Profit
= 4,000 − 3,500
= ₹500
Profit %
= (500 ÷ 3,500) × 100
= 14.29% (approx.)
Answer: 14.29% Profit (approx.)
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective Cost Price
= ₹3,500
Profit = ₹500
Profit %
= (500 ÷ 3,500) × 100
= (1 ÷ 7) × 100
≈ 14.29%
Exam Tip: If the fraction cannot be simplified to a common percentage, leave the answer as a decimal rounded to two decimal places.
Question 48
Question:
A merchant buys 75 bottles at ₹120 each and sells each for ₹138. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of bottles = 75
- CP per bottle = ₹120
- SP per bottle = ₹138
Solution
Profit per bottle
= 138 − 120
= ₹18
Total Profit
= 75 × 18
= ₹1,350
Answer: ₹1,350
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per bottle = ₹18
Total Profit
= 75 × 18
= ₹1,350
Question 49
Question:
A mobile costing ₹25,000 is sold at a loss of 8%. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹25,000
- Loss = 8%
Solution
SP
= 25,000 × 92 ÷ 100
= ₹23,000
Answer: ₹23,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
8% of ₹25,000
= ₹2,000
Selling Price
= 25,000 − 2,000
= ₹23,000
Question 50
Question:
A chair is sold for ₹1,875 at a profit of 25%. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹1,875
- Profit = 25%
Solution
CP
= 1,875 × 100 ÷ 125
= 187,500 ÷ 125
= ₹1,500
Answer: ₹1,500
Shortcut Method ⭐
25% profit means
SP = 125% of CP
CP
= 1,875 ÷ 125 × 100
= 15 × 100
= ₹1,500
Exam Tip: Remember that 25% = 1/4. In many questions, you can mentally find one-fourth of the cost price and add it to get the selling price, or reverse the process to find the cost price quickly.
Question 51
Question:
A trader purchases a printer for ₹8,000 and sells it for ₹9,200. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Cost Price (CP) = ₹8,000
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹9,200
Solution
Profit
= 9,200 − 8,000
= ₹1,200
Profit %
= (1,200 ÷ 8,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
15% of ₹8,000 = ₹1,200
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Exam Tip 💡
Whenever the difference matches a common percentage of the CP, identify it mentally before using the formula.
Question 52
Question:
A dealer buys a ceiling fan for ₹2,500 and sells it for ₹2,300. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹2,500
- SP = ₹2,300
Solution
Loss
= 2,500 − 2,300
= ₹200
Loss %
= (200 ÷ 2,500) × 100
= 8%
Answer: 8% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
1% of ₹2,500 = ₹25
₹200 ÷ ₹25 = 8
Loss = 8%
Question 53
Question:
An article is sold for ₹7,200 at a 20% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹7,200
- Profit = 20%
Solution
CP
= 7,200 × 100 ÷ 120
= ₹6,000
Answer: ₹6,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
20% profit means
SP = 120% of CP
CP
= 7,200 ÷ 12 × 10
= ₹6,000
Question 54
Question:
A shopkeeper purchases 80 toys at ₹250 each and sells each toy for ₹300. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of toys = 80
- CP per toy = ₹250
- SP per toy = ₹300
Solution
Profit per toy
= 300 − 250
= ₹50
Total Profit
= 80 × 50
= ₹4,000
Answer: ₹4,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per toy × Number of toys
= 50 × 80
= ₹4,000
Question 55
Question:
A watch is sold for ₹2,850 after a 5% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹2,850
- Loss = 5%
Solution
CP
= 2,850 × 100 ÷ 95
= ₹3,000
Answer: ₹3,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
95% = ₹2,850
100%
= ₹3,000
Question 56
Question:
A trader buys a bicycle for ₹12,000 and spends ₹800 on repairs. He sells it for ₹14,080. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹12,000
- Repair Charges = ₹800
- Selling Price = ₹14,080
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 12,000 + 800
= ₹12,800
Profit
= 14,080 − 12,800
= ₹1,280
Profit %
= (1,280 ÷ 12,800) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective CP = ₹12,800
Profit = ₹1,280
= 10% of ₹12,800
Hence,
Profit = 10%
Exam Tip 💡
Always include repair, transport, packing, or installation charges in the cost price.
Question 57
Question:
A pen stand costing ₹240 is sold for ₹300. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹240
- SP = ₹300
Solution
Profit
= 300 − 240
= ₹60
Profit %
= (60 ÷ 240) × 100
= 25%
Answer: 25% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹60 is one-fourth of ₹240.
Therefore,
Profit = 25%
Question 58
Question:
A bag costing ₹900 is sold for ₹810. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹900
- SP = ₹810
Solution
Loss
= 900 − 810
= ₹90
Loss %
= (90 ÷ 900) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹90 is one-tenth of ₹900.
Hence,
Loss = 10%
Question 59
Question:
A trader buys a table for ₹6,000 and sells it for ₹6,900. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹6,000
- SP = ₹6,900
Solution
Profit
= 6,900 − 6,000
= ₹900
Profit %
= (900 ÷ 6,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
15% of ₹6,000
= ₹900
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Question 60
Question:
A merchant sells an article at a 25% profit. If the cost price is ₹4,800, find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹4,800
- Profit = 25%
Solution
SP
= 4,800 × 125 ÷ 100
= ₹6,000
Answer: ₹6,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
25% = one-fourth
Profit
= 4,800 ÷ 4
= ₹1,200
Selling Price
= 4,800 + 1,200
= ₹6,000
Exam Tip 💡
Whenever the profit is 25%, simply add one-fourth of the cost price to get the selling price.
Question 61
Question:
A dealer sells an article for ₹5,750 at a 15% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹5,750
- Profit = 15%
Solution
Cost Price (CP)
= SP × 100 ÷ (100 + 15)
= 5,750 × 100 ÷ 115
= 575,000 ÷ 115
= ₹5,000
Answer: ₹5,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
15% profit means
SP = 115% of CP
CP
= 5,750 ÷ 115 × 100
= 50 × 100
= ₹5,000
Exam Tip 💡
For reverse problems, always convert the selling price into 100%.
Question 62
Question:
A trader purchases a washing machine for ₹24,000 and spends ₹1,000 on transportation. He sells it for ₹28,750. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹24,000
- Transport Charges = ₹1,000
- Selling Price = ₹28,750
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 24,000 + 1,000
= ₹25,000
Profit
= 28,750 − 25,000
= ₹3,750
Profit %
= (3,750 ÷ 25,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective CP = ₹25,000
Since ₹3,750 = 15% of ₹25,000,
Profit = 15%
Question 63
Question:
A shopkeeper buys 120 bottles at ₹75 each and sells each for ₹84. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of bottles = 120
- CP per bottle = ₹75
- SP per bottle = ₹84
Solution
Profit per bottle
= 84 − 75
= ₹9
Total Profit
= 120 × 9
= ₹1,080
Answer: ₹1,080
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per bottle × Quantity
= 9 × 120
= ₹1,080
Question 64
Question:
A chair costing ₹4,000 is sold for ₹3,600. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹4,000
- SP = ₹3,600
Solution
Loss
= 4,000 − 3,600
= ₹400
Loss %
= (400 ÷ 4,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹400 is one-tenth of ₹4,000.
Therefore,
Loss = 10%
Question 65
Question:
An article is sold for ₹6,900 at a 15% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹6,900
- Profit = 15%
Solution
CP
= 6,900 × 100 ÷ 115
= 690,000 ÷ 115
= ₹6,000
Answer: ₹6,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
115% = ₹6,900
100%
= ₹6,000
Question 66
Question:
A trader buys a clock for ₹2,500 and sells it for ₹2,800. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹2,500
- SP = ₹2,800
Solution
Profit
= 2,800 − 2,500
= ₹300
Profit %
= (300 ÷ 2,500) × 100
= 12%
Answer: 12% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
1% of ₹2,500 = ₹25
₹300 ÷ ₹25 = 12
Hence,
Profit = 12%
Question 67
Question:
A laptop costing ₹48,000 is sold at a 5% loss. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹48,000
- Loss = 5%
Solution
SP
= 48,000 × 95 ÷ 100
= ₹45,600
Answer: ₹45,600
Shortcut Method ⭐
5% of ₹48,000
= ₹2,400
Selling Price
= 48,000 − 2,400
= ₹45,600
Question 68
Question:
A dealer purchases a table for ₹5,500 and spends ₹500 on repairs. He sells it for ₹7,200. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹5,500
- Repair Charges = ₹500
- Selling Price = ₹7,200
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 5,500 + 500
= ₹6,000
Profit
= 7,200 − 6,000
= ₹1,200
Profit %
= (1,200 ÷ 6,000) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective CP = ₹6,000
₹1,200 is one-fifth of ₹6,000.
Therefore,
Profit = 20%
Question 69
Question:
A shopkeeper purchases 250 chocolates at ₹16 each and sells each for ₹20. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of chocolates = 250
- CP per chocolate = ₹16
- SP per chocolate = ₹20
Solution
Profit per chocolate
= 20 − 16
= ₹4
Total Profit
= 250 × 4
= ₹1,000
Answer: ₹1,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per chocolate = ₹4
Total Profit
= 250 × 4
= ₹1,000
Question 70
Question:
A television is sold for ₹44,000 at a 10% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹44,000
- Profit = 10%
Solution
CP
= 44,000 × 100 ÷ 110
= 44,00,000 ÷ 110
= ₹40,000
Answer: ₹40,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
10% profit means
SP = 110% of CP
CP
= 44,000 ÷ 11 × 10
= ₹40,000
Question 71
Question:
A watch costing ₹3,600 is sold for ₹4,140. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Cost Price (CP) = ₹3,600
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹4,140
Solution
Profit
= SP − CP
= 4,140 − 3,600
= ₹540
Profit %
= (540 ÷ 3,600) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
15% of ₹3,600
= ₹540
Hence,
Profit = 15%
Exam Tip 💡
If the profit amount matches a common percentage mentally, avoid lengthy division.
Question 72
Question:
A ceiling fan is sold for ₹2,700 after a 10% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹2,700
- Loss = 10%
Solution
CP
= 2,700 × 100 ÷ 90
= 2,70,000 ÷ 90
= ₹3,000
Answer: ₹3,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
90% = ₹2,700
100%
= ₹3,000
Exam Tip 💡
For 10% loss, simply divide the selling price by 9 and multiply by 10.
Question 73
Question:
A merchant buys a bike for ₹60,000 and spends ₹2,500 on registration and transportation. He sells it for ₹75,000. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹60,000
- Additional Expenses = ₹2,500
- Selling Price = ₹75,000
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 60,000 + 2,500
= ₹62,500
Profit
= 75,000 − 62,500
= ₹12,500
Profit %
= (12,500 ÷ 62,500) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹12,500 is 1/5 of ₹62,500
Therefore,
Profit = 20%
Question 74
Question:
An article is sold for ₹5,400 at a 20% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹5,400
- Profit = 20%
Solution
CP
= 5,400 × 100 ÷ 120
= ₹4,500
Answer: ₹4,500
Shortcut Method ⭐
120% = ₹5,400
100%
= ₹4,500
Question 75
Question:
A trader purchases 60 bags at ₹800 each and sells each for ₹920. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of bags = 60
- CP per bag = ₹800
- SP per bag = ₹920
Solution
Profit per bag
= 920 − 800
= ₹120
Total Profit
= 60 × 120
= ₹7,200
Answer: ₹7,200
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per bag × Quantity
= 120 × 60
= ₹7,200
Question 76
Question:
A refrigerator costing ₹36,000 is sold at a 10% loss. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹36,000
- Loss = 10%
Solution
SP
= 36,000 × 90 ÷ 100
= ₹32,400
Answer: ₹32,400
Shortcut Method ⭐
10% of ₹36,000
= ₹3,600
Selling Price
= 36,000 − 3,600
= ₹32,400
Question 77
Question:
A dealer purchases an article for ₹4,800 and spends ₹200 on packing. He sells it for ₹5,750. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹4,800
- Packing Charges = ₹200
- Selling Price = ₹5,750
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 4,800 + 200
= ₹5,000
Profit
= 5,750 − 5,000
= ₹750
Profit %
= (750 ÷ 5,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective CP = ₹5,000
₹750 is 15% of ₹5,000.
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Question 78
Question:
A shirt costing ₹960 is sold for ₹1,200. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹960
- SP = ₹1,200
Solution
Profit
= 1,200 − 960
= ₹240
Profit %
= (240 ÷ 960) × 100
= 25%
Answer: 25% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹240 is 1/4 of ₹960
Therefore,
Profit = 25%
Question 79
Question:
A trader buys a table for ₹5,000 and sells it for ₹4,500. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹5,000
- SP = ₹4,500
Solution
Loss
= 5,000 − 4,500
= ₹500
Loss %
= (500 ÷ 5,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹500 is 10% of ₹5,000.
Hence,
Loss = 10%
Question 80
Question:
An article is sold for ₹8,050 at a 15% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹8,050
- Profit = 15%
Solution
CP
= 8,050 × 100 ÷ 115
= 805,000 ÷ 115
= ₹7,000
Answer: ₹7,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
115% = ₹8,050
100%
= ₹7,000
Exam Tip 💡
When the selling price is an exact multiple of 115, divide first and then multiply by 100. This is a common shortcut in banking aptitude questions.
Question 81
Question:
A wholesaler purchases 120 books at ₹150 each and sells each book for ₹180. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of books = 120
- Cost Price (CP) per book = ₹150
- Selling Price (SP) per book = ₹180
Solution
Profit per book
= 180 − 150
= ₹30
Total Profit
= 120 × 30
= ₹3,600
Answer: ₹3,600
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per book × Number of books
= 30 × 120
= ₹3,600
Exam Tip 💡
When all items have the same CP and SP, always calculate the profit on one item first.
Question 82
Question:
A mobile phone costing ₹32,000 is sold for ₹36,800. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹32,000
- SP = ₹36,800
Solution
Profit
= 36,800 − 32,000
= ₹4,800
Profit %
= (4,800 ÷ 32,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹4,800 is 15% of ₹32,000
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Question 83
Question:
A bicycle costing ₹12,000 is sold for ₹10,800. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹12,000
- SP = ₹10,800
Solution
Loss
= 12,000 − 10,800
= ₹1,200
Loss %
= (1,200 ÷ 12,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹1,200 is 10% of ₹12,000.
Hence,
Loss = 10%
Question 84
Question:
A trader buys a machine for ₹45,000 and spends ₹5,000 on installation. He sells it for ₹60,000. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹45,000
- Installation Charges = ₹5,000
- Selling Price = ₹60,000
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 45,000 + 5,000
= ₹50,000
Profit
= 60,000 − 50,000
= ₹10,000
Profit %
= (10,000 ÷ 50,000) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective CP = ₹50,000
₹10,000 is 20% of ₹50,000.
Question 85
Question:
An article is sold for ₹5,750 at a 15% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹5,750
- Profit = 15%
Solution
CP
= 5,750 × 100 ÷ 115
= ₹5,000
Answer: ₹5,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
115% = ₹5,750
100%
= ₹5,000
Question 86
Question:
A shopkeeper purchases 400 notebooks at ₹30 each and sells each notebook for ₹36. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of notebooks = 400
- CP per notebook = ₹30
- SP per notebook = ₹36
Solution
Profit per notebook
= 36 − 30
= ₹6
Total Profit
= 400 × 6
= ₹2,400
Answer: ₹2,400
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per notebook
× Quantity
= 6 × 400
= ₹2,400
Question 87
Question:
A pen costing ₹120 is sold for ₹108. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹120
- SP = ₹108
Solution
Loss
= 120 − 108
= ₹12
Loss %
= (12 ÷ 120) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹12 is 10% of ₹120.
Therefore,
Loss = 10%
Question 88
Question:
A bag costing ₹2,400 is sold for ₹2,880. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹2,400
- SP = ₹2,880
Solution
Profit
= 2,880 − 2,400
= ₹480
Profit %
= (480 ÷ 2,400) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹480 is 1/5 of ₹2,400
Therefore,
Profit = 20%
Question 89
Question:
A trader buys a sofa for ₹24,000 and sells it for ₹27,600. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹24,000
- SP = ₹27,600
Solution
Profit
= 27,600 − 24,000
= ₹3,600
Profit %
= (3,600 ÷ 24,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹3,600 is 15% of ₹24,000.
Therefore,
Profit = 15%
Question 90
Question:
A watch is sold for ₹4,560 after a 5% loss. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹4,560
- Loss = 5%
Solution
CP
= 4,560 × 100 ÷ 95
= 456,000 ÷ 95
= ₹4,800
Answer: ₹4,800
Shortcut Method ⭐
95% = ₹4,560
100%
= ₹4,800
Exam Tip 💡
Whenever the loss is 5%, divide the selling price by 95 and multiply by 100. This shortcut is frequently useful in banking aptitude questions.
Question 91
Question:
A trader purchases a chair for ₹3,200 and sells it for ₹3,680. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Cost Price (CP) = ₹3,200
- Selling Price (SP) = ₹3,680
Solution
Profit
= SP − CP
= 3,680 − 3,200
= ₹480
Profit %
= (480 ÷ 3,200) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹480 is 15% of ₹3,200.
Hence,
Profit = 15%
💡 Exam Tip: Memorize common percentages like 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of round numbers to save time.
Question 92
Question:
A dealer buys a cooler for ₹15,000 and sells it at a loss of 8%. Find the selling price.
Given
- CP = ₹15,000
- Loss = 8%
Solution
SP
= 15,000 × 92 ÷ 100
= ₹13,800
Answer: ₹13,800
Shortcut Method ⭐
8% of ₹15,000
= ₹1,200
Selling Price
= 15,000 − 1,200
= ₹13,800
Question 93
Question:
An article is sold for ₹11,500 at a 15% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹11,500
- Profit = 15%
Solution
CP
= 11,500 × 100 ÷ 115
= ₹10,000
Answer: ₹10,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
115% = ₹11,500
100%
= ₹10,000
Question 94
Question:
A merchant purchases 200 cups at ₹80 each and sells each for ₹92. Find the total profit.
Given
- Number of cups = 200
- CP per cup = ₹80
- SP per cup = ₹92
Solution
Profit per cup
= 92 − 80
= ₹12
Total Profit
= 12 × 200
= ₹2,400
Answer: ₹2,400
Shortcut Method ⭐
Profit per item × Quantity
= 12 × 200
= ₹2,400
Question 95
Question:
A table costing ₹8,000 is sold for ₹9,200. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹8,000
- SP = ₹9,200
Solution
Profit
= 9,200 − 8,000
= ₹1,200
Profit %
= (1,200 ÷ 8,000) × 100
= 15%
Answer: 15% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹1,200 is 15% of ₹8,000.
Hence,
Profit = 15%
Question 96
Question:
A trader purchases a fan for ₹3,000 and sells it for ₹2,700. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹3,000
- SP = ₹2,700
Solution
Loss
= 3,000 − 2,700
= ₹300
Loss %
= (300 ÷ 3,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹300 is one-tenth of ₹3,000.
Therefore,
Loss = 10%
Question 97
Question:
An article is sold for ₹7,500 at a 25% profit. Find the cost price.
Given
- SP = ₹7,500
- Profit = 25%
Solution
CP
= 7,500 × 100 ÷ 125
= ₹6,000
Answer: ₹6,000
Shortcut Method ⭐
125% = ₹7,500
100%
= ₹6,000
💡 Exam Tip: For a 25% profit, divide the selling price by 5 and multiply by 4.
Question 98
Question:
A dealer buys a cupboard for ₹18,000 and spends ₹2,000 on transportation. He sells it for ₹24,000. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- Purchase Price = ₹18,000
- Transportation Charges = ₹2,000
- Selling Price = ₹24,000
Solution
Total Cost Price
= 18,000 + 2,000
= ₹20,000
Profit
= 24,000 − 20,000
= ₹4,000
Profit %
= (4,000 ÷ 20,000) × 100
= 20%
Answer: 20% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
Effective CP = ₹20,000
₹4,000 is 20% of ₹20,000.
Hence,
Profit = 20%
Question 99
Question:
A laptop costing ₹60,000 is sold for ₹66,000. Find the profit percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹60,000
- SP = ₹66,000
Solution
Profit
= 66,000 − 60,000
= ₹6,000
Profit %
= (6,000 ÷ 60,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Profit
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹6,000 is 10% of ₹60,000.
Therefore,
Profit = 10%
Question 100
Question:
A merchant buys a scooter for ₹80,000 and sells it for ₹72,000. Find the loss percentage.
Given
- CP = ₹80,000
- SP = ₹72,000
Solution
Loss
= 80,000 − 72,000
= ₹8,000
Loss %
= (8,000 ÷ 80,000) × 100
= 10%
Answer: 10% Loss
Shortcut Method ⭐
₹8,000 is one-tenth of ₹80,000.
Therefore,
Loss = 10%
❓ FAQ Section
What are Profit and Loss questions?
Profit and Loss questions test your ability to calculate profit, loss, selling price, cost price, marked price, discount, and percentage changes. They are frequently asked in banking, SSC, railway, and insurance exams.
Are these 100 Profit and Loss questions suitable for banking exams?
Yes. The questions are designed for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and similar competitive examinations.
Are detailed solutions included?
Yes. Every question comes with a step-by-step solution, shortcut method, and exam tip.
What is the difficulty level?
The questions range from basic to moderate and help build a strong foundation for competitive exams.
Can beginners solve these questions?
Yes. The questions are arranged progressively, making them suitable for beginners as well as experienced aspirants.
Related Profit and Loss Practice Sets
- Profit and Loss Questions (1–10)
- Profit and Loss Questions (11–20)
- Profit and Loss Questions (21–30)
- Profit and Loss Questions (31–40)
⚡ 10 Profit and Loss Shortcut Tricks
Master these simple tricks to solve Profit and Loss questions faster in banking and competitive exams.
1. Assume Cost Price = ₹100
If only percentages are given, assume the Cost Price (CP) is ₹100. This makes calculations much easier.
Profit % = (Profit ÷ Cost Price) × 100
2. Remember the Profit Formula
Always calculate profit based on the Cost Price, not the Selling Price.
3. Remember the Loss Formula
Loss % = (Loss ÷ Cost Price) × 100
Loss percentage is also calculated on the Cost Price.
4. Successive Discount Trick
Net Discount = A + B − (A × B ÷ 100)
Example:
20% and 10%
Net Discount = 20 + 10 − 2 = 28%
5. Reverse Cost Price Formula
If Profit % is given:
Cost Price = (Selling Price × 100) ÷ (100 + Profit%)
If Loss % is given:
Cost Price = (Selling Price × 100) ÷ (100 − Loss%)
6. Effective Cost Price
Always include expenses like transportation, labour, packaging, repair, loading, and insurance in the Cost Price.
Effective Cost Price = Purchase Cost + Additional Expenses
7. Markup and Discount Trick
Instead of calculating Marked Price and Selling Price separately, multiply the percentage factors directly.
Example:
125% × 80% = 100%
Therefore, No Profit, No Loss.
8. Damaged Goods Rule
Even if some goods are damaged, their purchase cost remains part of the total Cost Price. Only the Selling Price changes.
9. Learn Common Percentage Values
- 50% = 1/2
- 25% = 1/4
- 20% = 1/5
- 12.5% = 1/8
- 10% = 1/10
- 5% = 1/20
These conversions save valuable time in exams.
10. Solve Without a Calculator
Practice multiplying and dividing numbers mentally. Banking exams are speed-based, and strong mental calculations can significantly improve your performance.
🚀 Continue Your Quantitative Aptitude Preparation
We hope these 100 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers helped you strengthen your concepts and improve your calculation speed.
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- 📌 Bookmark this page for quick revision.
- 📤 Share it with your friends preparing for banking and competitive exams.
- 💬 Leave a comment below with your score or answer to the Challenge Question.
- 📚 Explore our other Quantitative Aptitude topics such as Percentage, Average, Ratio and Proportion, Simplification, Time and Work, and Simple Interest.
Keep practicing consistently, and you’ll build the speed and accuracy needed to excel in IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and other competitive examinations.
Happy Learning with BrainQuro!
🎯 Final Challenge Question
Let’s test your understanding!
A shopkeeper purchased an article for ₹2,500. He marked it 40% above the cost price and then offered a 15% discount on the marked price.
What is the profit percentage?
A. 15%
B. 18%
C. 19%
D. 20%
Write your answer in the comments section along with your solution. We’d love to see your approach!
