✍️ Introduction
Welcome to Part 10 of our Profit and Loss Questions with Answers series. In this segment, we are tackling Questions 91–100, specifically curated for ambitious aspirants targeting top-tier banking exams like IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, and SSC CGL. These hard-level practice questions are designed to test your conceptual clarity and calculation speed under pressure. To give you a competitive edge, we have included powerful shortcut methods for every problem. Consistent practice with these techniques will significantly improve your speed and accuracy on exam day. Let’s dive in! 🎯
Table of Contents
📌 Question 91
❓ Question
A shopkeeper marks up an article by 40% above its cost price. He then offers two successive discounts of 15% and x%. If he still makes a final profit of 7.1%, find the value of x.
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Use successive multipliers: 1.40 x 0.85 x (1 – x/100) = 1.071
- Simplify the known terms: 1.19 x (1 – x/100) = 1.071
- Solve for the discount term: (1 – x/100) = 0.9
- Result: x = 10%
✅ Answer
10%
📌 Question 92
❓ Question
A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by 20% and offers a 10% discount. Additionally, he uses a faulty balance that reads 1000g but actually weighs 800g while selling. When buying from his supplier, he takes 1100g while paying for only 1000g. Find his overall profit percentage.
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Markup and discount ratio: 1.20 x 0.90 = 1.08
- Buying cheat ratio: 1100 / 1000 = 1.1
- Selling cheat ratio: 1000 / 800 = 1.25
- Overall multiplier: 1.08 x 1.1 x 1.25 = 1.485 (48.5% profit)
✅ Answer
48.5%
📌 Question 93
❓ Question
Raman buys a used machine for ₹40,000. He spends 20% of this cost price on repairs and ₹2,000 on transportation. He initially sells it at a 10% loss. Had he sold it for ₹12,500 more, what would have been his actual profit percentage?
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Total Cost Price: ₹40,000 + ₹8,000 (repairs) + ₹2,000 (transport) = ₹50,000
- Initial position: 10% loss means a deficit of ₹5,000
- New position after adding ₹12,500: -₹5,000 + ₹12,500 = +₹7,500 profit
- Profit percentage: (7,500 / 50,000) x 100
✅ Answer
15%
📌 Question 94
❓ Question
A trader sells two different articles for ₹8,400 each. On the first article, he makes a profit of 25%, and on the second, he incurs a loss of 20%. Find his overall profit or loss percentage for the entire transaction.
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Article 1 ratio (CP : SP) = 4 : 5
- Article 2 ratio (CP : SP) = 5 : 4
- Equalize Selling Price by multiplying ratio 1 by 4 (16 : 20) and ratio 2 by 5 (25 : 20)
- Total CP = 16 + 25 = 41 units; Total SP = 20 + 20 = 40 units
- Loss = 1 unit on 41 units
✅ Answer
2 18/41% Loss
📌 Question 95
❓ Question
A merchant buys goods worth ₹60,000. He sells 1/3rd of the stock at a 15% profit, 1/4th of the remaining stock at a 20% profit, and the rest of the stock at a 10% loss. What is his overall profit or loss percentage?
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Apply weighted average directly on fractions, ignoring total value:
- Part 1: (1/3) x 15% = 5%
- Part 2: (1/6) x 20% = 3.33%
- Part 3: (1/2) x (-10%) = -5%
- Net Profit: 5% + 3.33% – 5%
✅ Answer
3.33% Profit
📌 Question 96
❓ Question
The selling price of 24 articles is equal to the cost price of 32 articles. Furthermore, the discount offered on 10 articles is mathematically equal to the profit earned on 8 articles. Find the exact difference between the profit percentage and the discount percentage.
⚡ Shortcut Method
- From 24 SP = 32 CP, get CP : SP ratio = 3 : 4 (Profit = 1 unit)
- From 10 D = 8 P, get D : P ratio = 4 : 5
- Scale CP:SP by 5 to align profit units: CP = 15, SP = 20, P = 5, which makes D = 4 and MP = 24
- Profit % = 5/15 = 33.33%; Discount % = 4/24 = 16.66%
✅ Answer
16.66%
📌 Question 97
❓ Question
An article is originally sold at a profit of 20%. If both the cost price and the selling price are reduced by ₹400 each, the new profit percentage becomes 30%. Find the initial cost price of the article.
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Initial ratio (CP : SP) = 100 : 120 = 5x : 6x
- Final ratio (CP : SP) = 100 : 130 = 10 : 13
- Cross-multiplication setup: (5x – 400) / (6x – 400) = 10 / 13
- Solve equation: 65x – 5200 = 60x – 4000 -> 5x = 1200 (Initial CP)
✅ Answer
₹1,200
📌 Question 98
❓ Question
A retailer marks up his goods 50% above the cost price. He then offers a flat discount of 20% and an additional scheme where he gives 1 article free on the purchase of every 14 articles. What is his net profit percentage?
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Markup multiplier: 1.5
- Discount multiplier: 0.8
- Free goods multiplier (paying for 14 out of 15): 14 / 15
- Net SP/CP Multiplier: 1.5 x 0.8 x (14 / 15) = 1.12 (12% profit)
✅ Answer
12%
📌 Question 99
❓ Question
A manufacturer sells a laptop to a wholesaler at a 25% profit. The wholesaler sells it to a retailer at a 15% profit, and the retailer sells it to a final customer for ₹9,660, making a 12% profit. If the manufacturer’s initial cost price increases by 10%, what should the new price for the customer be to maintain the exact same sequence of profit percentages?
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Constant chain rule: When a complete chain of profit percentages remains identical, any percentage change at the root translates directly to the final value.
- Simply apply the 10% increase directly to the final customer price.
- Calculation: 110% of ₹9,660
✅ Answer
₹10,626
📌 Question 100
❓ Question
A trader bought variety A rice at ₹45/kg and variety B rice at ₹60/kg, mixing them in a ratio of 3:2. To clear his stock quickly, he sold 40% of the total mixture at a 20% profit, and the remaining 60% of the mixture at exactly ₹51 per kg. Find his overall profit or loss percentage.
⚡ Shortcut Method
- Weighted average Cost Price: (3 x 45 + 2 x 60) / 5 = ₹51 per kg
- First portion (40%): sold at a 20% profit
- Second portion (60%): sold at ₹51 per kg (which equals CP, meaning 0% profit)
- Overall profit calculation: (0.40 x 20%) + (0.60 x 0%)
✅ Answer
8% Profit
💡 Shortcut Trick of the Day
The Net Multiplier Equation for “Buy X Get Y Free” Schemes
When a question combines markups, percentage discounts, and free goods (Buy X, Get Y free), avoid calculating per-item prices. Instead, use a single continuous fraction multiplier to find the final Selling Price to Cost Price ratio:
SP/CP = (Markup Ratio) x (Discount Ratio) x [ X / (X + Y) ]
🔥 Banking Exam Tip: Always remember that the denominator in the free goods fraction is the total number of items leaving the shop (X + Y), while the numerator is the number of items the customer is actually paying for (X). This eliminates three steps of rough work in Mains exams.
📖 Previous Parts
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (1–10) – Part 1
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (11–20) – Part 2
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (21–30) – Part 3
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (31–40) – Part 4
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (41–50) – Part 5
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (51–60) – Part 6
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (61–70) – Part 7
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (71–80) – Part 8
- 🔗 Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (81–90) – Part 9
- 🔗Profit and Loss Questions with Answers (101–110) – Part 11
⭐ Recommended Reading
🎯 Challenge Question
A dishonest trader marks up his goods by 25% and offers a discount of 15%. He uses a manipulated weighing machine that shows 1 kg when he actually sells 850 grams. However, when he buys raw materials from the wholesaler, his machine shows 1 kg when he actually receives 1050 grams. What is his actual, overall net profit percentage?
💬 Can you solve this in under 30 seconds using the Net Multiplier shortcut discussed today? Drop your answers in the comments below!
