Welcome to Part 5 of our Profit and Loss Questions with Answers series. This practice set includes Questions 41–50, specially designed for aspirants preparing for IBPS PO, SBI PO, RBI Assistant, LIC AAO, SSC CGL, RRB, and other competitive examinations.
In this part, the difficulty level has been increased to moderate–hard, closely matching the pattern of modern banking and competitive exams. The questions cover a variety of concepts such as effective cost price, damaged goods, multiple selling prices, markup and discount, successive discounts, transportation expenses, and mixed Profit and Loss scenarios.
Instead of lengthy solutions, each question is solved using a shortcut method that is easy to understand and helps improve calculation speed. These time-saving techniques are especially useful during competitive exams where speed and accuracy are equally important.
Try solving each question on your own before checking the shortcut method. Regular practice with these exam-oriented questions will strengthen your conceptual understanding and help you perform better in Quantitative Aptitude sections of banking, insurance, railway, SSC, and other competitive examinations.
Table of Contents
Profit & Loss Questions (Premium Edition)
Question 41
A dealer purchased 250 LED bulbs at ₹320 each. He spent ₹8,000 on transportation. During transit, 20 bulbs were damaged completely. The remaining bulbs were sold at ₹390 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
CP = (250 × 320) + 8,000 = ₹88,000
SP = 230 × 390 = ₹89,700
Profit = ₹89,700 − ₹88,000 = ₹1,700
Profit % = (1,700 ÷ 88,000) × 100
= 1.93%
✅ Answer
1.93% Profit
Question 42
A shopkeeper marked an article 60% above the cost price and allowed two successive discounts of 20% and 15%. Find the profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
Net SP Factor
= 160% × 80% × 85%
= 108.8% of CP
Profit
= 108.8 − 100 = 8.8%
✅ Answer
8.8% Profit
Ques tion 43
A trader purchased 180 bags of rice at ₹1,250 each. He spent ₹15,000 on transportation. He sold 120 bags at ₹1,500 each and the remaining 60 bags at ₹1,200 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
CP = (180 × 1,250) + 15,000
= ₹2,40,000
SP = (120 × 1,500) + (60 × 1,200)
= ₹1,80,000 + ₹72,000
= ₹2,52,000
Profit = ₹12,000
Profit %
= (12,000 ÷ 2,40,000) × 100
= 5%
✅ Answer
5% Profit
Question 44
A retailer marks an article 50% above the cost price. He offers a 10% discount followed by another 20% discount. Find the profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
Net SP Factor
= 150% × 90% × 80%
= 108% of CP
Profit
= 8%
✅ Answer
8% Profit
Question 45
A wholesaler purchased 400 notebooks at ₹45 each. He spent ₹2,000 on transportation. Out of these, 40 notebooks were damaged and sold at ₹20 each, while the remaining notebooks were sold at ₹58 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
CP = (400 × 45) + 2,000
= ₹20,000
SP = (360 × 58) + (40 × 20)
= ₹20,880 + ₹800
= ₹21,680
Profit = ₹1,680
Profit %
= (1,680 ÷ 20,000) × 100
= 8.4%
✅ Answer
8.4% Profit
Question 46
A trader purchased 300 ceiling fans at ₹1,800 each. He spent ₹30,000 on transportation and installation. During transit, 15 fans were damaged and sold at ₹900 each. The remaining fans were sold at ₹2,050 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
CP = (300 × 1,800) + 30,000 = ₹5,70,000
SP = (285 × 2,050) + (15 × 900)
= ₹5,84,250 + ₹13,500
= ₹5,97,750
Profit = ₹5,97,750 − ₹5,70,000 = ₹27,750
Profit %
= (27,750 ÷ 5,70,000) × 100
= 4.87%
✅ Answer
4.87% Profit
Question 47
A shopkeeper marked an article 75% above its cost price and offered three successive discounts of 10%, 15%, and 20%. Find the profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
Net SP Factor
= 175% × 90% × 85% × 80%
= 107.1% of CP
Profit
= 107.1 − 100 = 7.1%
✅ Answer
7.1% Profit
Question 48
A dealer purchased 500 packets of dry fruits at ₹240 each. He spent ₹12,000 on transportation. Out of these, 25 packets were spoiled completely. The remaining packets were sold at ₹285 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
CP = (500 × 240) + 12,000
= ₹1,32,000
SP = 475 × 285
= ₹1,35,375
Profit = ₹3,375
Profit %
= (3,375 ÷ 1,32,000) × 100
= 2.56% (Approx.)
✅ Answer
2.56% Profit
Question 49
A retailer purchased an article and marked it 80% above the cost price. He offered two successive discounts of 25% and 20% and then charged 5% GST on the discounted price. Ignoring tax liability, find the profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
Selling Price Factor
= 180% × 75% × 80% × 105%
= 113.4% of CP
Profit
= 13.4%
✅ Answer
13.4% Profit
Question 50
A wholesaler purchased 240 office chairs at ₹2,200 each. He spent ₹24,000 on transportation and storage. During delivery, 20 chairs were damaged and sold at 60% of their cost price, while the remaining chairs were sold at ₹2,650 each. Find the overall profit percentage.
⭐ Shortcut Method
CP = (240 × 2,200) + 24,000
= ₹5,52,000
SP of damaged chairs
= 20 × (60% of ₹2,200)
= 20 × ₹1,320
= ₹26,400
SP of remaining chairs
= 220 × ₹2,650
= ₹5,83,000
Total SP
= ₹5,83,000 + ₹26,400
= ₹6,09,400
Profit = ₹6,09,400 − ₹5,52,000
= ₹57,400
Profit %
= (57,400 ÷ 5,52,000) × 100
= 10.40% (Approx.)
✅ Answer
10.40% Profit
💡 Shortcut Trick of the Day
Whenever an article is marked up and then multiple discounts are given, don’t calculate each price separately.
Simply multiply the percentage factors.
Example:
- Markup = 50%
- Discounts = 20% and 10%
Net SP Factor
= 150% × 80% × 90% = 108%
Therefore, Profit = 8% immediately.
This method saves valuable time in banking exams and reduces calculation errors.
